CB †Aziz Essay Example

CB – Aziz Essay Example CB – Aziz Essay CB – Aziz Essay CB – Aziz Name: Course: Date: CB – Aziz Week 1 The main issues of week one include freedom, governments and religion within the first two. The authors included in this week were King James I, James Harrington and John Winthrop. According to John Winthrop, liberty is in two kinds, natural and civil. In this regard, he says that the best way to achieve liberty is by honoring and upholding to authority while James I say it is through honoring the king and his law. The other issue is on governments and their role in ensuring liberty, their advantages and errors as well as solution used to solve the demerits of the ancient governments. Christianity at this time was seen as a source of authority, which is yet another issue. â€Å"†¦ They make and unmake their subjects; they have power of raising and casting down, of life and of death†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (James I 1610 P.4). â€Å"†¦so shall your liberties be preserved in upholding the honor and power of authority amongst you,† (John Winthrop 1645, P.19). â€Å"†¦ Anoth er error of Aristotle’s politics that in a well-ordered commonwealth, not men should govern, but the laws,† (James Harrington 1656 P.23 ). â€Å"the Lord hath given us leave to draw our own articles †¦ to enterprise these actions upon these and these ends, we have hereupon besought Him of favor and blessing,† (John Winthrop 1630 P.17). Week 2 The issues addressed in week 2 include civil governments and their effect on people, its problems, and nature of liberty, the difference between civil and natural governments as well as the best among them and how civil governments are created. The authors writing these articles include John Locke, John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon, John Wise and Sir John Randolph. â€Å"man being born, as has been proven, with a title to perfect freedom, and uncontrolled enjoyment of all the rights and privileges of the law of nature, equally with any other man, or number of men in the world hath by nature power, not only to preserve his property, that is, his life, liberty and estate against injuries and attempts of other men,† (John Locke P.59). â€Å"In most parts of the earth there is neither light nor liberty; and even in the best parts of it they are but little encouraged, and coldly maintained,† (John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon P 87). â€Å"The art of governing is thought to b e the most abstruse, as well as the usefullest science in the world,† (Sir John Randolph 1736 P.97). Week 3 Week three issues are about the British colonizers and their colonist concerning the power the colonizer has as well as the rights of the colonists. The other issue in week three is one tax within the colonies. The British constitutions and its extension to the colonies is another crucial issue, as well as its relation to colonies and sources of rights enjoyed by the colonist, which the article cite as the nature of a man to be free. The final issue of this week was declaration of independence. James Otis cites that, â€Å"A state has no right to make slaves of the conquered. Even when the subordinate right of legislature is forfeited, and so declared, this cannot affect the natural persons either of those who were invested with it, or the inhabitants, so far as to deprive them of the rights of subjects and of men† (1764 P. 154).. Under colonies Thomas Whately says, â€Å"The Revenue that may be raised by the Duties which have been already, or by these [stamp duties] if they should be hereafter imposed, are all equally applied by Parliament, towards defraying the necessary Expenses of defending, protecting, and securing, the British Colonies and Plantations in America,† (1765 P.166). Week 4 Under week 4, articles of confederation were the main issue regarding its ability in forming a sovereign government. The other issue was on the constitution of America and its divisions as well as whether it creates a limited or unlimited government. Additionally, the issues concern the likely consequence if the constitution is not implemented such as territorial war and the bills of rights contained in the constitution. â€Å" each state retains its sovereignty, freedom, and independence, and every power, jurisdiction, and right, which is not by this confederation expressly delegated to the united sates, in congress assembled,† (Articles of Confederation P.332). â€Å"Territorial disputes have at all times been found one of the most fertile sources of hostility among nations. Perhaps the greatest proportions of wars that have desolated the earth have sprung from this origin. This cause would exist among us in full force,† (Alexander Hamilton P.456). When talking about â€Å"ambition must be made to counteract ambition† James Madison meant, â€Å"But the great security against a gradual concentration of the several powers in the same department, consists in giving to those who administer each department the necessary constitutional means and personal motives to resist encroachments of the others,† (496). Week 5 Week five issues are varied as well, including favoring agriculture as opposed to manufacturing as well as the issue of slavery. The main issue is on establishing better economic stands that include why it would be in order to open a national bank or why it would be bad. Finance was another issue where debts are discussed as well. Politics also come into light where debates over political parties are discussed. The idea of a federal government as well, as how it should operate is discussed as well, where the power should be bestowed. â€Å"I consider the foundation of the Constitution as laid on this ground: That † all powers not delegated to the United States, by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States or to the people,† (Thomas Jefferson P.615). Week 6 The main issue of this week is what democracy would be a wise idea, where ordinary people are allowed to make decisions regarding political matters. On this issue, several topics are discussed, including why different people felt democracy would not only fail, but also take away freedom from others. The conditions necessary for democracy to exist are addressed within the articles as well. Other than democracy, the characters of Americans that make them different from Europeans are discussed as well. â€Å"Relying, then, on the patronage of your good will, I advance with obedience to the work, ready to retire from it whenever you become sensible how much better choice it is in your power to make,† (Thomas Jefferson P. 690). Week 7 Week 7 brings to light a topic that was a major issue in America, which is slavery. Issues such as why the policies for abolishing slavery were wrong, why Africans were not right for democracy. Some of the authors see slavery as a bad thing in the society while others view it as right. The bible has been used to discredit slavery as well, showing the difference between people on the issue of slavery and offering Africans their freedom. â€Å"Let them remember, that though our cruel oppressors and murderers, may (if possible) treat us more cruel, as Pharaoh did the children of Israel, yet the God of the Etheopeans, has been pleased to hear our moans in consequence of oppression,† (Walker 1830 P. 965)). â€Å"Had the holding of slaves been a moral evil, it cannot be supposed, that the inspired Apostles, who feared not the faces of men, and were ready to lay down their lives in the cause of their God, would have tolerated it,† (Furman 1823 P. 954). Week 8 The eight week starts with the issue of citizenship for people within America, where Africans are not considered citizens according to some of the writers such as Taney after the declaration of independence. However, others such as Curtis counter his arguments on citizenship for slaves. Slavery issue is reflected again when Abraham Lincoln is brought into light, where he seeks to strengthen federal government when addressing the two sides of the house, conservatives and republicans. Additionally, the issue of southern thinking of secession from United States is discussed in Lincoln’s inaugural message. Finally, the issue of reconstruction is addressed in Lincoln’s second inaugural speech. â€Å"†¦no line dividing local from federal authority, nor anything in the Constitution, properly forbade Congress to prohibit slavery in the federal territory; else both their fidelity to correct principle, and their oath to support the Constitution, would have constrained them to oppose the prohibition,† (Lincoln 1860 1077). References Hammond, S.J., Hardwick, K.R. Lubert, H.L. (2007). Classics of American Political and Constitutional Thought: Origins through the Civil War. Indianapolis, Marion, IN: Hackett Publishing Company.

Understanding the Concatenation of Strings in Java

Understanding the Concatenation of Strings in Java Concatenation in the Java programming language is the operation of joining two strings together. You can join strings using either the addition () operator or the String’s concat() method. Using the Operator Using the operator is the most common way to concatenate two strings in Java. You can provide either a variable, a number, or a String literal (which is always surrounded by double quotes). To combine the strings â€Å"I’m a† and â€Å"student†, for example, write: I’m a student Be sure to add a space so that when the combined string is printed, its words are separated properly. Note above that student starts with a space, for example. Combining Multiple Strings Any number of operands can be strung together, for instance: I’m a student ! And so are you. Using the Operator in a Print Statement Frequently, the operator is used in a print statement. You might write something like: System.out.println(pan handle); This would print: panhandle Combining Strings Across Multiple Lines Java disallows literal strings to span more than a line. Using the operator prevents this: String quote Nothing in all the world is more dangerous than sincere ignorance and conscientious stupidity.;   Combining a Mixture of Objects The  operator   normally acts as an  arithmetic operator  unless one of its  operands  is a String. If so, it converts the other operand to a String before joining the second operand to the end of the first operand. For example, in the example below, age is an integer, so the operator will first convert it to a String and then combine the two strings. (The operator does this behind the scenes by calling its toString() method; you won’t see this occur.) int age 12;System.out.println(My age is age); This would print: My age is 12 Using the Concat Method The String class has a method concat() that performs the same operation. This method acts on the first string and then takes the string to combine as a parameter: public String concat (String str)​   For example: String myString I have decided to stick with love.;myString myString.concat( Hate is too great a burden to bear.);System.out.println(myString); This would print: I have decided to stick with love. Hate is too great a burden to bear. Differences Between the Operator and the Concat Method You may be wondering when it makes sense to use the operator to concatenate, and when you should use the concat() method.  Here are some differences between the two: The concat() method can combine only String objects - it must be called on a String object, and its parameter must be a String object. This makes it more restrictive than the operator since the operator silently converts any non-string argument to a string.The concat() method throws a NullPointerException if the object has a null reference, while the operator deals with a null reference as a â€Å"null† string.The concat()) method is capable of combining only two strings – it cannot take multiple arguments. The operator can combine any number of strings. For these reasons, the operator is more often used to combine strings. If you are developing a large-scale application, however, performance can differ between the two because of the way that Java handles string conversion, so be aware of the context in which you are combining strings.

Should Gay couples be able to marry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Should Gay couples be able to marry - Essay Example On the other hand, same sex marriages are opposed by religious and moral groups who consider it to be unnatural. It is also argued that it is not a normal way of leading life and they present that same sex marriages should not be permitted. Should Gay Couples Be Able to Marry With the broadening of the human mind and the understanding of relationships, the road to new controversies has emerged and there are many matters which have become subjects of hot debates. The human behavior has changed and every human being has acquired knowledge regarding the fact that they have the right to choose and opt for what they want. Homosexual relationships provide with a very good example of controversy that has been emerging since the last quarter of the twentieth century. It is not that gays did not exist before this period but a true fact is that every human being has come to analyze and understand their importance in this world and it is a belief that a person has a right to choose for his life . Fight against woman’s suppression and racism was followed by the homosexuals who also needed proper identification and the opportunity to live their lives the way they want to. On one side the gays demand the provision of rights for them to marry and live normal lives on the basis of the fact that every human being has a right to choose their way of living. ... According to a survey conducted by the William’s Institute, it can be analyzed that the number of same sex couples is increasing in the United States. Its first study in the year 2000 indicated the fact that the number of the same sex couples was 594,391 whereas this number increased to 776,943 in the year 2005. This increase in the number of same sex couples is accompanied by the fight of these groups for their rights to be legally married (Romero et al 2007). The last decade of the twentieth century showed the initiation of many legal hearings on the controversy that whether the gays should be allowed to marry or not. The year 1993 served as a beginning for this cause in the United States when the Supreme Court in Hawaii took a strong stand against the denial of three same sex couple to get married by a lower court. The court upheld the fact that this refusal to the couple to get married was not correct as this indicated sexual discrimination. Similar hearings were followed in the Supreme Courts of Alaska and Vermont in the years 1998 and 1999 respectively but there was still no definite decision taken and same sex marriage was not officially allowed in any state. It was in the year 2000 that the marriage of same sex couples was permitted in the state of Vermont which was the first State in the United States to allow these marriages. Several other Supreme Court rulings were followed and in some states the same sex couples were married and New Mexico formed an example of a state where these couples were married but later their marriages were declared void. In the same year 2004, President Bush also invalidated and declared same sex marriages to be illegal. Thus this issue of

Motives of and challenges for the corporate expansion and emergence Essay

Motives of and challenges for the corporate expansion and emergence - Essay Example For example, Starbucks is one of the big business tycoons in America which have thousands of outlets across the country. They have coffee shops in each and every corner of America and the competition from the competitors is increasing day by day. It is difficult for them to expand their business in America because of the saturation they have already attained and internationalization of the business seems to be the only option left for them. On the other hand the intrusion of the corporate companies has made the things worst for the small scale and medium scale business groups. Big business tycoons with their immense financial capabilities and innovative business strategies have conquered the markets of the small and medium business groups. It is difficult for the small and medium business entities to fight or compete with the multinational corporate companies and acquiring strength through mergers or acquisition is the only way ahead of them to stay in the market. welcoming Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to their country by liberalizing the rules for the foreign Corporate Company’s entry into their country. Moreover the cultural adaptation of the business in a foreign country seems to be difficult one for the international companies. Thus expansion and emergence is a difficult task both in domestic circuit and international circuit. This paper briefly explains the expansion and emergence of companies through mergers and acquisition and strategies and challenges for merger and acquisition process. Mergers and Acquisition is a common phenomenon in international business circuit at present because of the steep global economic recess. Even survival seems to be difficult irrespective of big or small companies. Financial institutions like Lehman Brothers and automobile manufacturers like GM have suffered severe setbacks and they have no other way, but to think in

How polygenic traits produce the appearance of blending inheritance Essay Example for Free

How polygenic traits produce the appearance of blending inheritance Essay Several studies have been carried out particularly on polygenic traits that have different alternate forms for example, white flower color vs. purple flower color. However many traits are more multifaceted than this and can take on any number of incessant values. For instance in humans there are not just two groups of people i.e. tall vs. short- but a full range of possible heights. To add on, many traits are not controlled by a single pair of gene but by numerous genes that interact with each other and also with the environment. The study done on  traits controlled by multiple genes and also by the environment is referred to as quantitative genetics.   This is regarded as one of the complex area of genetics but a little understanding of quantitative genetics is necessary for evolution since evolution usually acts on complex traits which are influenced both by genetics and by the surroundings/environment. Polygenic and appearance of blending inheritance. One of the main challenges in genetics during the early years of the 20th century concerned the following question: If Mendels thoughts were right then how can one clarify the inheritance of quantitative traits? Statistical research reveals that for quantitative traits the offspring of a cross breed tend to be intermediate in looks between the two parents. For example if one parent is short and the other tall, the offspring tends to be intermediate in height.   This means, the offspring in a cross tend to be a mixture of both parents. This presents a challenge for evolution, since for evolution to occur by natural selection needs the presence of genetically based disparity in the value of a quantitative trait. However if an offspring lean towards the average value of the trait for the two parents then, the required variation for evolution to occur would be lost. The inheritance of quantitative traits is characteristically viewed in terms of what is referred to as polygenic inherita nce. The Assumptions of the Polygenic Model: This polygenic model makes the following six simplifying assumptions: Every contributing gene has relatively equal and small effects, the effects of every allele are additive, there are no dominance; instead the genes at every locus behave as if they pursue an incomplete dominance, there is no interaction or epistasis among the different loci that contribute to the value of the trait, there is no connection involved and, the value of the trait relies only on genetics environmental influences can be overlooked . Example of Polygenic inheritance: The core color in wheat is decided by two pairs of gene, known as polygenes which produce a variety of colors ranging from white to dark red depending on the mixtures of alleles. Dark red plants are known as homozygous  AABB and white plants are referred to as homozygous aabb.   If these homozygotes are mixed/ crossed the F1 offspring are all dual heterozygotes AaBb.   Therefore crossing individuals with the phenotype extremely yields an offspring that is a mixture of the two parents. This demonstrates a significant point that many times when one has two parents who vary in phenotype for some traits, then there will be a likelihood of the offspring to be an intermediate to the parents in phenotype. This occurrence is sometimes called regression to the mean. The following punnett Square will illustrate what happens if 2 double heterozygotes are crossed: Take note that there are five phenotypic classes which corresponds to the number of upper case alleles 0 through to 4 that can be there in the offspring. Also note that even if both parents are intermediate, there will be no blending in the offspring such that one will see that 1/16 of the offspring will be dark red and 1/16 will be white. This replica suggests that when intermediate individuals mate, they produce an offspring that can be greater than either parent. Even if the polygenic replica makes several simplified assumptions it does seem to be a good estimate to the blending inheritance of a big number of quantitative traits. A more complex example and a detailed mathematical study is shown below: The height of a tobacco plant is controlled not by a single pair of genes but by a chain of genes at multiple loci that have a small additive effect on the phenotype of the plant. Take for example three loci, each having two alleles i.e. (A, a B, b C, c). Assume in pure-breeding, short plants are all aabbcc and that tall plants are all AABCC, circumstance whereby the height of the plant is determined depends entirely by the number of high case alleles regardless of   which locus the allele is at. Consequently a plant with the genotype AaBbcc is of the similar height as a plant with genotype AabbCc. There are seven probable classes of plant heights but depends with the number of upper case alleles (0, 1, 2,3,4,5 or 6). If one conceders a pure breeding between a short plant aabbcc which is crossed with a pure breeding AABBCC plant then the F1s which are as a result of this cross are obviously the triple heterozygote: AaBbCc It should be noted that these plants will be intermediate in height between the two parents.  However what happens when these intermediate individuals are mate/breed? So as to examine this, assume that the gene pairs are not linked, this will allow us to use independent variety to predict the product. The anticipated fraction of offspring in each height class is specified by the following idiom based on the binomial theorem: N/ (M (N-M) Whereby N is the figure/ number of alleles in total (6) while M is the number/ figure of upper case alleles in a given class. One way to understand this formula is as the number of methods of choosing a particular plant can have M upper case alleles out of N. At times we say N chooses M for this. N for our illustration is 6. This means that when M is zero there is just one way to get the number of upper case alleles. But if M = 1 there are 6! / (1! (5!) ) = 6 ways to do this. Consider M = 3. Then we have 6! / (3! 3!) = 6x5x4/3x2x1 = 120/6 = 20. Note: every gene has a little additive effect; the resulting allocation of phenotype classes closely resembles the Normal Distribution. Other complex replicas in quantitative genetics suppose that the phenotype effects are from both environmental factors and genetics, perhaps intermingle in complex ways. These types of models are known as multifactorial models.

Morphology :: MOO Teaching Technology Education Essays

Morphology "Everything we experience today in the mode of a limit, or as foreign, or as intolerable will have returned to the serenity of the positive. And whatever currently designates this exteriority to us may well one day designate us. Only the enigma of this exteriority will remain" --- Michel Foucault If the architecture of MOOs replicates real-life places like classrooms, we can be assured that real-life problems exist there, too. Educators need to be aware of how and in what forms these problems take shape online, in addition to knowing how to handle them. It is not easy to find answers in the mountains of popular culture hype and mass media reports on the Internet. Depending on what magazines and newspapers you read, Internet technology is either the salvation or the demise of civilization. Certainly the rapid growth of access to the Internet has parents and educators wringing their hands over how to protect children and students online from some of the same dangers they face in the physical world. Yet one of the most encouraging aspects of the growth and scope of the Internet is the opportunity for all of us to contribute to the social construction of ethical guidelines in the development and use of Internet-based technologies in educational settings. There is a fine line between giving students the latitude to be creative online and setting them loose with no ethical boundaries whatsoever. Just as in traditional classroom settings, common sense and proper preparation go a long way toward anticipating problems and resolving them. It is not necessary to blame the whole of cyberspace and thereby throw the virtual baby out with the virtual bathwater. There are ways to manage the "fluidity" associated with identity, speed, and open access on the Internet. We need to avoid the rhetoric of negative cyber-hyper and engage instead in productive discussion about the Internet in terms of its positive impact on individual and collective lives. Especially with respect to the use of Internet technology in education, we should do so rhetorically, going slowly, doing our homework, so to speak, before we make claims about the dangers of the Internet. Secondly, and perhaps less metaphorically, real-time teaching also creates real-time homework for teachers. The MOO will change the way you relate to your students, and teachers may find that they must give up their 'principle orientation' toward the individual student (Porter). Teletechnology mixes new modes of intelligibility (and new codes of behavior) with new pedagogical contracts between teacher and student, and it also effectively 'outs' the faculty in ways that they may find unnerving.

Ha Jin Book Reflection

The book begins with the main character (Shao Bin) being introduced. From there, we start to learn about his life as a worker and how he wants to upgrade his living situation for him and his wife. When his request is denied, he decides to do something about it. He uses calligraphy as a form of propaganda. When one of his drawings ends up in a newspaper, things start to go south. The people who are in charge of Bin and the other workers (Director Ma and Liu) find out about it and publicly humiliate him. To counter their attack, Bin accuses one of them of having an affair with a woman who he saw in their office.This fires everyone up and madness ensues. I feel like the issues being discussed in this book are very important, but the contents of this book are not very exciting. The attention-grabbing moments are few and far between, which is unfortunate because they’re what I look for when I’m reading a book. Overall, this novel is quite dull. I find Jin’s style of w riting a bit underwhelming and I wish that he didn’t include the unnecessarily boring parts in the novel such as descriptions of meals that Bin enjoys. The main theme that I noticed during the first section of In the Pond is an opposition to corrupt Chinese ways.Ha Jin uses the character Shao Bin to stand up and fight for what he thinks is right. There were several parts of this section that stuck out to me. Here are a few examples†¦ â€Å"Even though he couldn’t correct the leaders’ wrongdoing, he wanted to teach them an unforgettable lesson and show them that he wouldn’t swallow an offense. But what should he do? He remembered that the materialistic thinker Wang Chong of the Han Dynasty had said something about punishing the evil with the writing brush. † This is where the whole book basically begins. It is the time when Shao Bin gets the inspiration to stick up for himself.â€Å"Who are the masters of this plant? The workers or the two cor rupt leaders? Where is their communist conscience? † (Page 22) When reading In the Pond, this part of Bin’s letter stuck out to me because he really questioned his conditions instead of staying miserable. This is also a part of the theme, which becomes rather evident during this passage. â€Å"The workers heard of Bin’s disrupting the election, and they were impressed. They had taken him for a mere bookworm, but all of a sudden he had emerged as a man of both strategy and action. Naturally some young workers shook hands with him.† (Page 47)I appreciated the fact that Bin’s coworkers stood by him and supported him instead of simply shying away and ignoring their problems. The whole incident made them gain respect for Shao Bin which is really unique because if I were in their shoes, I would probably to avoid conflict by simply ignoring the whole ordeal. PART 2 This section starts out with Bin going to talk to Director Ma. When he gets to his office, L iu is there and denies his request for a promotion, stating that he would rather let Bin’s talents rot. This infuriates Shao and he storms out.Later on, he meets Yen who he instantly befriends over discussions of art. Yen is an amateur, but they still bond and gain mutual respect for each other. Yen then talks to the leaders and asks them to be kinder to Bin. After this, the leaders tell Shao to look for a job elsewhere because they intend on firing him. Yen finds out what happened and is infuriated. Bin then gets a letter from Gold County’s Cultural Center which states that they would like to utilize his talents for a year. He accepts and starts the job transfer after getting into a fight with the directors.Later on, Bin signs up for exams and is scoffed at by Liu and Ma. He takes the series of tests at a middle school. Promptly after they’re over, Bin’s wife shows him a letter from a professor who loved his work. Following a long period of dull events, another scandal emerges after Liu is bitten in the butt by Bin. The attack was provoked, but still Shao got the short end of the stick and was treated badly afterwards. The central theme is still clear during this section. Bin tries to fight the corruption that he witnesses daily.He uses calligraphy as a powerful tool against it This book has really opened my eyes to the communism in China. It inspired me to read further into it and what I have found has shocked me. Though I still don’t really enjoy In the Pond, I have learned quite a bit from it. The passages that stuck out to me in section 2†¦ â€Å"Do not worry about having no friend on the road; under heaven who has not heard of your name? † (Page 68) This part stood out not because of its relevance to the story, but because of the way that the author constructed the dialogue.I found it interesting that instead of simply saying â€Å"who hasn’t heard of your name? † he said â€Å"Under heaven wh o has not heard of your name? † I appreciated the eloquence of this part. â€Å"Bin couldn’t help smiling; his tears fell on the thin paper. ‘They’re going to accept me. He-he-he, they accept me! † he cried out, and held his wife up by the waist, swinging her around. One of her flying heels scraped Shanshan’s shoulder and knocked her down. † (Page 87) This joyous occasion was a highlight of section 2. It was nice for Shao Bin to finally have something positive happen to him.â€Å"The photograph taken, Liu buckled up his pants and followed Jia out of the studio. The girl looked at him with a knowing smirk on her face, her eyes rolling. Liu smiled back, then turned to the photographer. ‘Old Jia, can you make it express? I need five pictures as soon as possible. † (Page 97) The fact that Director Liu actually went and had a picture of his butt taken was a bit too much. Part 3 The last part of the book moves pretty fast. Liu is accused of having a relationship with Nina and Bin begins to respect Song less because of the way he handled a painting.Song’s report came out soon after and Bin was satisfied with the finished product. I feel section 3 of the book is full of a lot of pointless anecdotes, but in the end the novel wasn’t that bad. It had its moments of excitement, but it also had its moments of boring nonsense. I would give In the Pond a solid 6. In the end, I was relieved to have finished the novel for many reasons. For one, the ending was pretty great. Also, the book dragged a lot and I felt bored most of the time. The passages that I felt were important†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Against the current you must punt hard; one stroke skipped, you fall back many a yard. The ancients said every minute was gold; So, cherish your time and have it controlled. † (Page 162) Shao Bin remembers this poem about the methodology of study after he struggles with his art. I feel like this poem is quite inspir ational, which is the reason it stood out to me. It basically tells the reader to live life to the fullest. â€Å"After biting his fingertips for a few moments, he decided to engrave Tu Fu’s line ‘Your brush writes, raising wind and rain.† It seemed no words were more appropriate as a compliment to Jiang’s uncle. † (Page 140) This part is taken from when Bin is trying to decide what to carve onto the jade stone for Jiang’s uncle. This quotation is inspiring. It states that you have the ability to change things that you aren’t happy with. The theme is very evident in this passage. â€Å"On his way to the Commune Administration, he couldn’t resist smiling and whistling. In the sky a flock of geese were drifting south and gradually merging into the cotton clouds. Joyously Bin stretched up his right arm, as if he too had wings.† (Page 178)This was a great way to end the book. By comparing Bin’s freedom to the flight of a bird, Jin successfully tied up the story and left me satisfied with the end. Reilly Davidson August 2, 2013 Summer Reading 2013 In the Pond by Ha Jin Honors Assignment â€Å"In China, for most of the population, these fault lines – the immediate causes of public dissatisfaction – relate not only to vague yearnings for democracy but, more importantly, to profound economic frustrations and disgust over social inequities and corruption. † (Nicholas D. Kristof of The New York Times).This was taken from an article about the rebellion against Chinese leaders in 1989. It is applicable to the central theme expressed in both the novel and this news article. It’s an opposition to some form of Chinese ruling. In both situations, those who were against it took a stand and fought for what is/was right. The New York Times published a story many years ago entitled â€Å"CHINA ERUPTS†¦ THE REASON WHY†. It’s basically about the people of China who wer e thirsty for change in the spring of 1989. There were many rebels who stuck up for the cause that they placed great importance on.â€Å"†¦but galvanizing all of China with their threat to kill themselves rather than live without democracy† (excerpt from the article). This passage was important because it clearly states how important it was for the rebels to fight for their beliefs. Ha Jin attempts to share his thoughts about Chinese control by writing In the Pond. The main character (Shao Bin) was basically a tool to bring about the questions of â€Å"What would happen if we all stood up for what we believe in? † and â€Å"How can we take a stand for justice? † He addresses these two points within the first ten pages.â€Å"†¦ the true scholar’s brush must encourage good and warn against evil† (Page 8) This passage from the novel was a quote from Wang Chong, who I believe was a Chinese philosopher during the Han Dynasty. It’s an am azing idea to start the book off with such powerful words. Ha Jin included this as an important inspiration for the character Shao Bin. It leads him to speak out against the unjust ways of his supervisors. â€Å"As an artist and scholar I ought to expose those corrupt leaders†¦ A good piece of work should be as lethal as a dagger to evildoers. † These words fuel Bin throughout the entire novel. They are the match that lights the flame.Jin tactfully placed them in the beginning as a form of foreshadowing the theme of the entire novel. The theme that also applies to the aforementioned news article. Both pieces of literature address topics of sticking up for oneself and not letting dreams get crushed because of society’s ways. This theme is incredibly important and can be learned from in future situations. All in all, it is pretty evident that there are many people who feel that the situation with the democracy in China is unsatisfactory. The theme in both the news a rticle and In the Pond is clear and is seemingly something good to learn from.

Analysing Financial Statement of Gul Ahmed Textile Mill LTD Essay

OBJECTIVE: Objective of our analysis is that we are a bank and we will provide loan to Gul Ahmed because Gul Ahmed has applied for a loan, so we are going to check the credit worthiness of Gul Ahmed by analyzing their financial statements in detail to see whether providing loan to Gul Ahmed will be appropriate or not. COMPANY PROFILE: Gul Ahmed is one of the largest home textile manufacturing companies in Pakistan. Since its inception in 1953, the company has been a trend-setter in the Pakistani textile industry and has serviced a diverse range of customers across the globe. Gul-Ahmed is a completely vertical textile mill comprising of  state-of-the-art spinning, weaving, yarn-dyeing, piece-dyeing, printing (pigment and reactive on rotary as well as flat bed), stitching, embroidery and quilting facilities. The vertical structure gives Gul Ahmed much better control over the quality of its products as compared to other mills. Apart from the state of the art production facilities, Gul Ahmed is also equipped with the latest effluent treatment plant, caustic recovery, steam recovery and waste heat recovery plants. This makes Gul Ahmed one of the greenest and most socially responsible textile mills in the region. Gul-Ahmed’s product range is quite diverse, and includes sheets, comforters, multi needle quilts/duvets, decorative pillows, window hangings, table & Kitchen Linen etc. Gul Ahmed also has the capability to do foam-back/black-out curtains and lining, as well as acrylic coating and flocking. TEXTILE INDUSTRIES OF PAKISTAN: The Pakistan textile industry total export is around 9.6 billion US dollars. The textile industry contributes approximately 46 percent to the total output or 8.5 percent of the country GDP. In Asia, Pakistan is the 8th largest exporter of textile products providing employment to 38 percent of the work force in the country. However, the textile industry currently faces massive challenges. The textile sector enjoys a pivotal position in the exports of Pakistan. In Asia, Pakistan is the 8th largest exporter of textile products. The contribution of this industry to the total GDP is 8.5%. It provides employment to about 15 million people, 30% of the country work force of about 49million. The annual volume of total world textile trade is US$18 trillion which is growing at 2.5 percent. Out of it, Pakistan’s share is less than one per cent. The development of the Manufacturing Sector has been given the highest priority since Pakistan’s founding with major stress on Agro-Based I ndustries. For Pakistan which was one of the leading producers of cotton in the world, the development of a Textile Industry making full use of its abundant resources of cotton has been a priority area towards industrialization. At present, there are 1,221  ginning units, 442 spinning units, 124 large spinning units and 425 small units which produce textile products. Pakistan’s textile sector earned US$5.77 billion during the 2003 year, compared with US$5.577 BILLION OF 2000-2001 indicating a growth of 0.69%. The total exports of textile sector in 2004 were US 5.7 billion which shows 2.5% growth it increase to 4% growth in 2005 as compared to 2004.The textile sector shows 8% negative growth in 2006.The negative growth continue in 2007 aslo with the value of 5%.The textile sector shows 15% growth in 2008. Now we will discuss the main reasons of crisis in textile industry step by step in detail. a. Lack of Modernize Equipment Moreover, critics argue that the textile industry has obsolete equipment and machinery. The inability to timely modernize the equipment and machinery has led to the decline of Pakistani textile competitiveness. Due to obsolete technology the cost of production is higher in pakistan as compared to other countries like India, Bangladesh & china. b. Raw material Prices Prices of cotton & other raw material used in textile industry fluctuate rapidly in Pakistan. The rapid increase in the price raw material effect the cost of production badly. The increase in raw material prices fluctuate rapidly due to double digit inflation. Sealand Logistics Solutions is helping textile oriented comanies with the help of logistics solutions in importing modern equipment and make valuable connections with reliable leading raw material provider at very competitive prices. INDUSTRY OVERVIEW Textile industry has the biggest share of Pakistan exports from raw material to finished goods in different global markets. During FY 2011-12 the country’s textile exports have drastically reduced by 10% to $12.529 billion against $13.975 billion of FY 2010-11. One of the major causes of underperformance is the persistent electricity and gas load shedding plaguing the industry which has hindered the performance and competitiveness of the textile industry. The consumer sentiments in US and EU remained bearish, causing a decline in textile related purchases. Up till March 2012,  global textile exports declined by 9.4 %. A major reason for this was excess stocks built up by the retailers and stuck up within the supply chain. It took almost a year for the supply chain to free itself from legacy stocks. Finally activity has started to pick up across large retailers in the west and we expect to see significant improvements this year. AUDITORS: The present auditor is Hyder Bhimji & Co. Chartered Accountant for Gul ahmed Textile retire and wait for other appointment, they have been winning the trust of Gul ahmed from 2009 to till today before that till 2007 were Gardezi & Co. Chartered Accountant. The Auditor statement for 2012 was as Balance sheet, P & L, Cash flow and other comprehensive income statement were in accordance with the Company Ordinance 1984, in our opinion proper books of account have been kept by the company’s ordinance, 1984. IMPORTANT KEY POINTS: Mr.Zain Basheer, Director of GAMT and son of Muhommad Ali Basheer Chairman of GAMT when found out that price of yarn was about to increase at the start of the 2012 year, realized that purchase of yarn in bulk quantity can result in big profits. So, he decided to purchase yarn in big quantity and as he planned GAMT invest a huge amount in buying yarn. But luck was not really in their favor and the price of yarn falls down with a big margin and they face a real difficult time and as a result their Cost of Sales increases which results in big losses in 2012 as compared to 2011 in which they hit the gigantic mark of 26 billion Rupee which made them the best textile in this era. Their Expenses also increase because they paid the big amount in Murabaha also in 2012. Interest Expenses and Taxation also shows the clear difference in 2012 from 2011 that also was one of the reason of losses. If you see on the vertical analysis Equity section their Capital and Reserves increase that is why the loss which fall to -1.25 from positive figure 5.23 hard to figure in overall equity section but the reserves was at the beginning of 2012, which means it was covered in 2011 and by the end of 2012 their reserves are less because of huge loss. PERFORMANCE EXPECTATIONS: Performance expectation after analyzing the financial statement of Gul ahmed is very good compared to any other textile mill. The Company’s sales amounting to Rs. 25,064 million is declined by 1.46% a compared to the corresponding year. Drop in exports have been compensated by increase in local sales. Decline in gross profit is due to the inflation without any corresponding increase in selling prices. During the fiscal year (FY) 2012 tight financial conditions, weak confidence and fiscal consolidation in various advanced economies hampered the economic progress. Many emerging economies were also hit by decreased investment and anticipated growth uncertainty, which led to equity price declines, capital outflows and currency depreciation. As perth World Economic Forum, the world GDP growth on YoY basis will drop from 4% in 2011 to about 3.5% in 2012. Domestically, GDP for FY 2012 was 3.7% (FY 2011: 3%) as per Economic Survey of Pakistan 2012. The increase was mainly due to the growth in commodity producing sectors, specially the agriculture sector in the country.Total investment and exports showed a significant contraction. The total investment, as a percentage of GDP, has fallen to 12.5% in FY 2012 (FY 2011:13.1%), which does not bode well for the future productive capacity of the economy. Inflation in June 2012 was 11.3% (June 2011: 13.1%) on YoY basis which was due to increase in energy and oil prices, supply disruptions due to heavy rains earlier at the start of the fiscal year and increased borrowings by the government. During the first half of the year 2012, State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) reduced the policy rate by 200 basis point lowering it to 12% and kept the rate unchanged during the second half. The reduction of 200 basis point was made to improve the falling private investment which is compromising the medium term productive capacity of the economy, and to control future inflation. After assessing the impact of reduction in the  first half, SBP realized that continued energy shortage is a major factor behind low demand for private credit for fixed investment. Return on Equity shows also a clear increasing trend for GATM, Equity is growing as it is a growing industry and in 2011 it shows a great impact in equity as it was the year which change the history for GATM they cossed the gigantic mark of 25 billion rupee then in 2012 it is slightly decreasing. Sales in Millions Lawsuits and contingencies: The Group owns and possesses a plot of land measuring 44 acres in Deh Khanto, which is appearing in the books at a cost of Rs. 64 million. The Group holds title deeds of the land which are duly registered in its name. Ownership of the land has been challenged in the Sindh High Court by some claimants who claim to be the owners, as this land was previously sold to them and subsequently resold to the Group. The claim of the alleged owners is fictitious. The Group is confident that its title to the land is secure and accordingly no provision has been made in these financial statements. The Group has filed a suit in the Sindh High Court for recovery of Rs.33.409 million (2011: Rs. 33.43 million) included in other receivables. The Group’s management and its legal counsel are of the opinion that the case will be decided in the Group’s favour and as such no provision has been made there against. The Group has filed a Petition in the Sindh High Court against order passed by the Board of Trustees, Employees’ Old-Age Benefits Institution (EOBI) for upholding the unjustified additional demand of payment raised by EOBI for accounting years 2000-01 and 2001-02 amounting to Rs. 50.827 million (2011: Rs. 50.827 million). This demand has been raised after lapse of more than two years although the records and books of the Group were verified by the EOBI to their entire satisfaction and finalization of all matters by EOBI. The Honorable Sindh High Court has already restrained EOBI from taking any action or proceedings against the Group. No provision has been made there against in these financial statements as the Group is confident of the  favorable outcome of the Petition. The Group has filed a Constitution Petition in the Sindh High Court against the City District Government of Karachi for striking down the unjustified demand of payment of Ground Rent of Rs. 10 million. The Honorable Sindh High Court has already restrained the City District Government of Karachi from taking any coercive action against the Group. No provision has been made there against in these financial statements as the Group is confident of the favourable outcome of the Petition. INVESTMENTS: By looking at the financial statements of GATM, we don’t find any unwise investment made by the company. The following information from cash flow gives a clear idea about all current cash generating from cash flows for the following year. Addition to property,plant & equipment. Would you recommend a buy/sell/hold on stock given on the current price stock prices? Why? Price targeted have been updates at GATM, if you see the present condition as investor’s overview Earning per share at year ended 2012 was (1.89) and P/E ratio was (11.17), a negative EPS numbers are usually reported as â€Å"not applicable† for quarter on which company reported  a loss. Investor buying a company with negative P/E should be aware that they are buying a share of a company that has been losing money per share of it’s stock. For now it is hard to recommend buy of stock unless it is better to hold it’s stock for some time because gulahmed past performance had been better on scale. What is Company’s secret? Gul-ahmed has always work on bringing innovation to the product development because they know the importace of being tech-savy and innovative from decades they have been working with the latest technology of that era. The installation of first full automatic wider width Air jet looms, 21 color rotatory printing machines and a modern laboratory in entering into 21st century, Another world-class idea came to our mind and retail outlet Ideas open in every part of the country. They have always been working on their U.S.P to make it better than others and it had paid off. At present they are working on high tech saving machines which is fully computerized and functions task of more than 20 men and this machine is only owned by GATM in Pakistan, this played major part in crossing gigantic mark of 25 billion rupee in 2011 which is by far the best output by any textile industry in Pakistan. Being tech-savy is the spirit implies two opposing forces of providing fast and flexible response to c ustomers, yet building efficient mechanisms and systems that are efficient and waste-free. The concept is to provide the right product and information, at the right time, in the right amount, in the right manner, while maintaining high standards of efficiency and cost control. IMC practices this contradictory idea in our daily activities to control their capital locked in inventory and to maintain a healthy customer relationship. Q7: Is it a growing/declining industry? It is a growing industy because if you see their progress from when they start they have reached the top of textile industry and serving it’s customer from more than last 50 years, they have always come up with new technology and innovative ideas. One of the current creative idea is, a 136.17 MW private power plant at Korangi Industrial Area of Karachi. The  project is a joint venture of Gul Ahmed Group, Toyoda Tsusho Corporation of Japan, International Finance Corporation (IFC) and Wartsila Diesel Oy of Finland. Gul Ahmed Energy Limited is backed by â€Å"GUL AHMED GROUP† which is one of Pakistan’s leading industrialist / business group since 1948 with a much diversified portfolio of trade, manufacturing, banking, industries, businesses and investments. Business ventures range from Finance, Energy, Beverages, Real Estate, Information Technology and Textile (the Group’s main forte) The Group is involved in the manufacturing of cotton yarns, grey and fini shed cloth and textile made ups and is one of the leading exporters of textile products from Pakistan Some of the companies forming part of the Group are provided below: Interpretation: Earnings per share is that amount you earn on every single ratio gulahmed is order to grab them and organization like gulahmed tries to maintain their goodwill with investor rather than giving them extra incentives and in 2012 they are negative, which is imposible for EPS because no one can pay negative value. CONCLUSION & FINDINGS: We as a Bank have walked upon a decision that we should gave the loan to Gul-ahmed after studying their financial statements they are a very growing organization. If we see their present condition in 2012, they are in loss but this was due to one bad decision by Director of GAMT which was made to amazed the world once again after 2011 gigantic mark sales in 2012 but it did not paid off. Financial ratios shows a slight change except R.O.E, E.P.S and P/E Ratios which are negative in 2012 as GAMT was in loss in present year. Before that E.P.S was growing and in 2011 it was 9.42 which is a very healthy earning per share.

Assisting with Medication Essays

Assisting with Medication Essays Assisting with Medication Paper Assisting with Medication Paper Identify legislation that governs the use of medication in the social care settings? Legislation and guidance that control the prescribing, dispensing, administration, storage and disposal of medicines. The Medicines Act 1968, the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (and later amendments), the Misuse of Drugs (Safe Custody) Regulations 1973 (and later amendments), the Health and Safety at Work Act (1974), Control of Substances Hazardous to Health COSHH, legislation 1999, care standard Act 2000 receipt, storage and administration of medicines the Mental Capacity Act (2005) the Access to health records Act (1990), the Data Protection Act (1998) plus equality legislation. Administration and control of medicine in care homes and children services June 2003 hazardous waste regulations 2005. Legal framework: how the organisation policies and procedures reflect these for safe handling of medicines by all workers prescribing, dispensing, administration, storage and disposal. Outline the legal classification system for medication? The classification of medicines are all related to the medicines act 1968, while working with medication, it is good to have an understanding and working knowledge of the common types of medication by training that should be provided by my company that I work for. There are various legal controls on the retail sale or supply of medicines which are set out in the Medicines Act 1968. Medicines are classified into three categories Prescription Only, Pharmacy or General Sale List. Each category is subject to a number of controls. These controls apply to medicines sold or supplied by retail whether they are sold or supplied via internet transactions, by mail order, or any other form of supply. The general rule is that all licensed medicines are P unless otherwise designated. Explain how and why policies and procedures are agreed ways of working must reflect and incorporate legislative requirements? The policies and procedures are put in place to make sure that legislation is being followed so that all people in the setting, staff and the people who need care are being cared for are safe, all needs are being met, inclusive practice and diversity is being followed out and that the setting is staying within the law. They must reflect on legislation so that the policies and procedures are correct and are the correct way of doing things. For example, if a health and safety procedure I always make sure to put in place and was not in line with legislation, then this could cause the setting to get in trouble with the law and could cause harm to the individuals who was in need of health and safety requirements could become harmed. Identify common types of medication? The common types of medication, Anticoagulants Capsules, Tablets, Powders, Drops, Liquids, Inhalants and Skin preparations. Other Types of common medications are Analgesics, Antacids, Anti, anxiety Drugs, Antibacterial and Anti-depressantsetc. Antibiotics, Antipsychotic and anti-depressants. List conditions for which each type of medication may be prescribed? Antibiotics are used to fight infections. Analgesics are used to relieve pain Antacids are used to relieve indigestion. Describe changes to an individual`s physical or mental well being that may indicate an adverse reaction to a medication. What is an adverse drug reaction; Medicines can treat or prevent illness and disease. However, sometimes medicines can cause problems. These problems are called adverse drug reactions. I should know what to do if I think that I or someone I take care of is having an adverse drug reaction. For example, any sudden or drastic changes in a patients physical and mental condition could indicate an I can report an acute fear of being hypnotic drug prescribed to individuals in my workplace or I can report to my line manage. For example Mrs. D if she forgets to take her medication, she can change totally because she is loss memory and she is messing up everything and when I give her medication Mrs. D calm down. Describe the roles and responsibilities of those involved in prescribing, dispensing and supporting the use of medication. A combination of Doctors, and chemists and Pharmacists prescribe and dispense medication. This is to make sure not allergic to it, it works safely with other medications I am taking, and I take the medicine as prescribed. It is for safety for the consumer. The role of a pharmacist goes beyond dispensing case, involved a violent and threatening customer who wanted medication of responsibilities, from dispensing medication to. Pharmacists distribute prescription drugs to individuals. They also advise their patients, physicians, and other health practitioners on the selection, dosages, interactions, and side effects of medications, as well as monitor the health and progress of those patients to ensure that they are using their medications safely and effectively. Compounding the actual mixing of ingredients to form medications is a small part of a pharmacists practice, because most medicines are produced by pharmaceutical companies in standard dosages and drug delivery forms. Most pharmacists work in a community setting, such as a retail drugstore, or in a health care facility, such as a hospital. The roles and responsibilities a nurse and care worker when we receive the medication, pharmacists if am the care worker, I always make sure to Mrs D receive the right medication sometimes when delivery pharmacists they mix up the medication or open the box then I tell my line manage or I call pharmacists. Also, I am responsibility Mrs D her medication and that it is my part of my job when pharmacist delivery Mrs D medication and I check before they leave, it is the right one she takes regularly and I also check the date. Also, when I give her medication I make sure she takes properly her medication, because sometimes she keep her mouth the medication than when I leave her, she takes back the medication. So I always check before I leave Mrs D goes thought her mouth and said to her show me your mouth please then she show me her mouth and say thank you Mrs D. Explain where responsibilities lie in relation to use of over and supplements It is the responsibility of the user. The best way to become better informed and for young and old alike is to read and understand the information on Over-the-counter labels. Next to the medicine itself, label comprehension is the most important part of self-care with Over-the-counter medicines. If I read the label and still have questions I make sure to talk to a doctor, nurse, or pharmacist and GP. For example, when Mrs. D receives her medication I make sure to check the medication right one because sometimes is mess up. So I can report because I amresponsibilities her. For example Mrs. D says to me can you get some medication, pharmacists and I say no because I am not allowed to take medication, pharmacists without prescribing if I order medication without prescribing she can take then she risk herself and that it is my fault. I always to make sure if Mrs. D asks me to get some medication in the pharmacists. So I make sure to tell my line manage or supervise. Also that it is part of health and safety in the care home or policies and procedures and also that it is very good to follow safe for the care worker and service users. Describe the routes by which medication can be administered Definition: Medication route refers to the way that a drug is introduced into the body. This is based on the specific medication being used, the rate of absorption desired and the specific site of action where the medication needs to have an effect. Most drugs are manufactured for a specific route of administration and must be used as directed for safety and efficiency. Some examples of routes of administration include: Oral: Medications are taken by mouth in pill, capsule or liquid form and absorbed into the system through the digestive system. Absorption is slow. Medications that use this option cannot be used if vomiting is occurring. Internal: Medications are administered into the rectum via a suppository and absorbed by the lower digestive tract. Mucosal: Medications are delivered through the nose or inhaled and are absorbed through the nasal mucosa or bronchioles, respectively. Vaginal administration of a medication is also considered mucosal. Parenteral: Any medication administration that involves injecting a drug directly into a vein intravenous, muscle intramuscular, artery intrarterial, abdominal cavity intrperitoneal, heart intracardiac or into the fatty tissue beneath the skin subcutaneous. The speed of absorption varies, but is faster than oral administration. This is used when more complete and faster absorption of a drug is needed. Percutaneous: Medications are absorbed directly through the skin into the blood stream. Some hormone replacements are administered by patches that are absorbed slowly and evenly, for example. I always make sure to keep a record of all Mrs D current medicines she take, including their names and regimens dose, time, and other instructions for taking. I always make sure to Write down if any problems can get they have with the medicine Mrs D so I can discuss with the doctor or pharmacist she received every week. Describe different forms in which medication may be presented I always make sure use to describe a Medications may include situation will be different. Some patients will respond to CPR and medications immediately and other patients may What are the different ways in which I can give Mrs D medication? There are many ways to give her medicines, from tablets and capsules through to suppositories, through the skin and different types of injection. The choice of how you take your medication should be offered to you. The advantages and disadvantages should also be explained. Below are a few advantages and disadvantages of each of the different types. There are many different ways to take medicine, even though most may be familiar with just a few of these. It’s common to swallow a pill or take some liquid medication, but taking MEDs orally isn’t always practical or the best way to administer a medication. To this end, medical researchers have developed quite a few methods to take medication to serve a variety of purposes. For many over the counter MEDs, it’s more common to take medicine orally. Oral MEDs can come in various forms, including different types of pills and liquids. New methods that are taken orally, but aren’t swallowed whole are various melt in the mouth MEDs, which may absorb into mouth tissues and not be processed through the stomach. Sometimes medications will work faster and be more effective if they don’t have to go through the gate first. Sometimes, a common medication people would take orally needs a different delivery system. Vomiting with fever for instance, could mean a person can’t keep a fever reducer down or needs anti-vomiting medication. Numerous medications are taken annually, via a suppository. Though many people don’t care for suppository medication, it can be a good alternative when oral MEDs cannot be tolerated. There are different forms in which medication can be presented. Tablets and capsules, Syrups and liquids, Dispersible tablets melt-in-the-mouth, Injections depot or long-acting and Skin patches. When Mrs D receives her medication, it is one box divided into 14 compartments with lids in 7 days and when pharmacists to deliver her medication at home, I make sure to check before they leave me because sometimes they give her the medication some box it is open and thats why I always check.

Maj. General Zachary Taylor in the Mexican-American War

Maj. General Zachary Taylor in the Mexican-American War Born on November 24, 1784, Zachary Taylor was one of nine children born to  Richard and Sarah Taylor. A veteran of the American Revolution, Richard Taylor had served with General George Washington at White Plains, Trenton, Brandywine, and Monmouth. Moving his large family to the frontier near Louisville, KY, Taylors children received a limited education. Educated by a series of tutors, Zachary Taylor proved a poor student despite being seen as a quick learner. As Taylor matured, he aided in developing his fathers growing plantation, Springfield, into a sizable holding that included 10,000 acres and 26 slaves. In 1808, Taylor elected to leave the plantation and was able to obtain a commission as a first lieutenant in the US Army from his second cousin, James Madison. The availability of the commission was due to an expansion of the service in the wake of the  Chesapeake-Leopard  Affair.  Assigned to the 7th US Infantry Regiment, Taylor traveled south New Orleans where he served under Brigadier General James Wilkinson. War of 1812 Returning north to recover from disease, Taylor married Margaret Peggy Mackall Smith on June 21, 1810. The two had met the previous year in Louisville after being introduced by Dr. Alexander Duke. Between 1811 and 1826, the couple would have five daughters and a son. The youngest, Richard, served with his father in Mexico and later attained the rank of lieutenant general in the Confederate Army during the Civil War. While on leave, Taylor received a promotion to captain in November 1810. In July 1811, Taylor returned to the frontier and assumed command of Fort Knox (Vincennes, IN). As tensions with the Shawnee leader Tecumseh increased, Taylors post became the assembly point for General William Henry Harrisons army prior to the Battle of Tippecanoe.  As Harrisons army marched to deal with Tecumseh, Taylor received orders temporarily calling him to Washington, DC to testify in a court-martial involving Wilkinson. As a result, he missed the fighting and Harrisons victory. Shortly after the outbreak of the War of 1812, Harrison directed Taylor to take command of Fort Harrison near Terre Haute, IN. That September, Taylor and his small garrison were attacked by Native Americans allied with the British. Maintaining a vigorous defense, Taylor was able to hold during the Battle of Fort Harrison. The fighting saw his garrison of around 50 men hold off approximately 600 Native Americans led by Joseph Lenar and Stone Eater until being relieved by a force led by Colonel William Russell. Temporarily promoted to major, Taylor led a company of the 7th Infantry during the campaign which culminated at the Battle of Wild Cat Creek in late November 1812. Remaining on the frontier, Taylor briefly commanded Fort Johnson on the upper Mississippi River before being compelled to retreat to Fort Cap au Gris. With the end of the war in early 1815, Taylor was reduced in rank back to captain. Angered by this, he resigned and returned to his fathers plantation. Frontier Wars Recognized as a gifted officer, Taylor was offered a majors commission the following year and returned to the US Army. Continuing to serve along the frontier, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1819. In 1822, Taylor was ordered to establish a new base west of Natchitoches, Louisiana. Advancing into the area, he built Fort Jesup. From this position, Taylor maintained a presence along the Mexican-US border. Ordered to Washington in late 1826, he served on a committee that sought to improve the US Armys overall organization. During this time, Taylor purchased a plantation near Baton Rouge, LA and moved his family to the area. In May 1828, he took command of Fort Snelling in present-day Minnesota. With the beginning of the Black Hawk War in 1832, Taylor was given command of the 1st Infantry Regiment, with the rank of colonel, and traveled to Illinois to serve under Brigadier General Henry Atkinson. The conflict proved brief and following Black Hawks surrender, Taylor escorted him to Jefferson Barracks. A veteran commander, he was ordered to Florida in 1837 to take part in the Second Seminole War. Commanding a column of American troops, he won a victory at the Battle of Lake Okeechobee on December 25. Promoted to brigadier general, Taylor took command of all American forces in Florida in 1838. Remaining in this post until May 1840, Taylor worked to suppress the Seminoles and facilitate their relocation west. More successful than his predecessors, he used a system of blockhouses and patrols to maintain the peace. Turning command over to Brigadier General Walker Keith Armistead, Taylor returned to Louisiana to oversee American forces in the southwest. He was in this role as tensions began to increase with Mexico following the admission of the Republic of Texas into the United States. War Approaches In the wake of Congress agreeing to admit Texas, the situation with Mexico rapidly deteriorated as the two countries argued over the location of the border. While the United States (and Texas previously) claimed the Rio Grande, Mexico believed the border to be located further north along the Nueces River. In an effort to enforce the American claim and defend Texas, President James K. Polk directed Taylor to take a force into the disputed territory in April 1845. Shifting his Army of Occupation to Corpus Christi, Taylor established a base before advancing into the disputed territory in March 1846. Building a supply depot at Point Isabel, he moved troops inland and built a fortification on the Rio Grande known as Fort Texas opposite from the Mexican town of Matamoros. On April 25, 1846, a group of US dragoons, under Captain Seth Thornton, was attacked by a large force of Mexicans north of the Rio Grande. Alerting Polk that hostilities had commenced, Taylor soon learned that General Mariano Aristas artillery was bombarding Fort Texas. Fighting Begins Mobilizing the army, Taylor began moving south from Point Isabel to relieve Fort Texas on May 7. In an effort to cut off the fort, Arista crossed the river with 3,400 men and assumed a defensive position along the road from Point Isabel to Fort Texas. Encountering the enemy on May 8, Taylor attacked the Mexicans at the Battle of Palo Alto. Through the superb use of artillery, the Americans forced the Mexicans to retreat. Falling back, Arista established a new position at Resaca de la Palma the next day. Advancing down the road, Taylor again attacked and again defeated Arista at the Battle of Resaca de la Palma. Pushing on, Taylor relieved Fort Texas and on May 18 cross the Rio Grande to occupy Matamoros. On to Monterrey Lacking the forces to push deeper into Mexico, Taylor elected to pause to await reinforcements. With the Mexican-American War in full swing, additional troops soon reached his army. Building his force through the summer, Taylor began an advance against Monterrey in August. Now a major general, he established a series of garrisons along the Rio Grande as the bulk of the army moved south from Camargo. Arriving north of the city on September 19, Taylor was confronted by Mexican defenses led by Lieutenant General Pedro de Ampudia. Commencing the Battle of Monterrey on September 21, he compelled Ampudia to surrender the city after cutting off its supply lines south to Saltillo. After the battle, Taylor earned Polks ire by agreeing to an eight-week armistice with Ampudia. This was largely motivated by the high number of casualties sustained in taking the city and the fact he was deep in enemy territory. Politics at Play Directed to end the armistice, Taylor received orders to push forward to Saltillo. As Taylor, whose political alignment was unknown, had become a national hero, Polk, a Democrat, became concerned about the generals political ambitions. As a result, he ordered Taylor to stand fast in northeastern Mexico while ordering Major General Winfield Scott to attack Veracruz before advancing on Mexico City. To support Scotts operation, Taylors army was stripped of the bulk of its forces. Learning that Taylors command had been reduced, General Antonio Là ³pez de Santa Anna marched north with 22,000 men with the goal of crushing the Americans. Attacking at the Battle of Buena Vista on February 23, 1847, Santa Annas men were repulsed with heavy losses. Mounting a tenacious defense, Taylors 4,759 men were able to hold though they were badly stretched. The victory at Buena Vista further enhanced Taylors national reputation and marked the last fighting he would see during the conflict. Known as Old Rough Ready for his gruff demeanor and unpretentious attire, Taylor had largely remained silent on his political beliefs. Leaving his army in November 1947, he handed command to Brigadier General John Wool. President Returning to the United States, he aligned himself with the Whigs though he was not in full support of their platform. Nominated for president at the 1848 Whig convention, Millard Fillmore of New York was selected as his running mate. Easily defeating Lewis Cass in the 1848 election, Taylor was sworn in as President of the United States on March 4, 1849. Though a slaveholder, he took a moderate stance on the subject and did not believe that the institution could successfully be exported to the newly acquired lands from Mexico. Taylor also advocated for California and New Mexico to immediately apply for statehood and bypass territorial status. The issue of slavery came to dominate his term in office and the Compromise of 1850 was being debated when Taylor suddenly died on July 9, 1850. The initial cause of death was believed to be gastroenteritis caused by consuming contaminated milk and cherries. Taylor was initially buried in his family plot at Springfield. In the 1920s, this land was incorporated into Zachary Taylor National Cemetery. On May 6, 1926, his remains were moved into a new mausoleum on the cemetery grounds. In 1991, Taylors remains were briefly exhumed following some evidence that he may have been poisoned. Extensive testing found this not to be the case and his remains were returned to the mausoleum. Despite these findings, assassination theories continue to be put forward as his moderate views on slavery were highly unpopular in Southern circles.

Cause and Effect of Online Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cause and Effect of Online Education - Essay Example People throughout the nation are looking for ways to cut their costs of living without sacrificing what they already have. Students who are trying to get an education are not typically interested in cutting out going to school so that they can get a job now. Many studies have actually shown that such a move is counter-productive in the long-run. When a student takes the time to get a degree, their earning power exponentially increases. Therefore, when an individual makes the decision to stop going to school in order to work full-time, they are actually limiting their earning potential. There is also truth in the idea that you must train to get the job you truly want rather than just the job you’ll accept. On-campus educations can cost several thousand dollars a year depending on which institution you attend. So, many students are turning to online education in order to cut back on cost while still continuing toward their degree. At Oregon State University, the average cost of full-time attendance for one year is $9435.01 while living off-campus, and $21430.01 if the student is living on campus (â€Å"Oregon State University†). Conversely, while attending the same university entirely online, the cost of one full-time year is only $8460 (â€Å"Oregon State University†). Conversely, while attending the same university entirely online, the cost of one full-time year is only $8460 (â€Å"Oregon State University†).   Therefore, we can clearly see that online education can save money. Nearly every class in the United States has felt the squeeze of the tough financial situation.   Families who used to subsist on one income have had to see their partner return to work.   Numerous High School students are balancing work and school to help out their families.   College students, who used to be able to go to school full-time with the help of financial aid, are finding themselves in the position of having to work as well.     Ã‚